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Motivation 

Motivation means someone derives or moving.  “The definition of motivation is the force that energizes and directs a behavior towards a goal.” 

(Baron, 1992 and Schunk, 1990).  Motivation is very important factor to achieve the targets or the goals. In a classroom motivation is very vital to accomplish healthy environment, which enhance learning and teaching effectively. Teachers motivate learners by helping them develop an expectancy that a benefit will occur as a result of their participation in an instructional experience. Motivation theories can be classified broadly into two different perspectives: Content and Process theories. Content Theories deal with “what” motivates people and it is concerned with individual needs and goals. Process Theories deal with the “process” of motivation and is concerned with “how” motivation occurs. 

Content Theory  of Motivation

Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs 

According to this theory individual strives to seek a higher need when lower needs are fulfilled. Once a lower-level need is satisfied, it no longer serves as a source of motivation. Needs are motivators only when they are unsatisfied. 

  

 In the first level, physiological needs exist which include the most basic needs for humans to survive, such as air, water and food. 

 In the second level, safety needs exist which include personal security, health, well-being and safety against accidents remain.

 In the third level, belonging needs exit. This is where people need to feel a sense of belonging and acceptance. It is about relationships, families and friendship. Organizations fulfill this need for people.

 In the fourth level, self-esteem needs remain. This is where people looks to be respected and to have self-respect. Achievement needs, respect of others are in this level.

 In the top-level, self-actualization needs exist. This level of need pertains to realising the person’s full potential.  (A Brief Introduction to Motivation Theory)

Maslow’s theory of motivation can be applied in typical classroom, if a student feels hungry (food- physiological need) then the student cannot concentrate on study or if other low level needs are not fulfilled learning cannot take place. In order to achieve the success low level needs such as  physiological needs, safety needs or belonging needs should be fulfilled.

Reference 

A Brief Introduction to Motivation Theory. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://ozgurzan.com/management/management-theories/theories-about-motivation/.